不结球白菜杂种优势及相关分析

Analysis of Heterosis and Correlation in Non-heading Chinese Cabbage

以4个不结球白菜不育系与4个父本系以NCⅡ法配制16个杂交组合,研究了16个F1组合的杂种优势表现及其与亲本之间的相关关系,同时对性状间的遗传相关进行分析。结果表明:不结球白菜产量性状杂种优势>农艺性状杂种优势>光合性状杂种优势>品质性状杂种优势。产量性状以超亲优势为主,农艺性状和光合性状以中亲优势为主,品质性状中可溶性糖含量以中亲优势为主,Vc含量和蛋白质含量均为弱的负向优势。亲子相关分析表明,一些性状F1与中亲值、低亲值或高亲值显著相关,因此在亲本选配时,注意亲本差异的同时,中亲值特别是低亲值不能过低,尤其是品质性状。性状间相关分析显示,光合性状与产量性状显著正相关,说明F1高效的光合同化作用是杂种高产的基础。品质性状中,可溶性糖含量与产量显著正相关,但Vc和蛋白质含量与产量负相关,在亲本选配时还应注意二者的协调。

16 F1 hybrids produced by 4 sterile lines and 4 male parental lines with a North Carolina Ⅱ（NCⅡ）mating design,were tested for their heterosis.The correlation between parents and offspring and the genetic correlation among yield characters,photosynthetic characters,as well as quality characters were investagited.The result indicates：heterosis of yield characters〉heterosis of agronomic characters〉heterosis of photosynthetic characters〉heterosis of quality characters.Yield characters were mainly heterosis over high parent,agronomic and photosynthetic characters were mainly heterosis of mid-parent,soluble sugar content was heterosis of mid-parent and content of Vc and protein were weakly negative heterosis in quality characters.Correlation analysis between parents and offspring showed that some characters were affected simultaneously by low-parent,mid-parent or high-parent significantly.Therefore,in parent selection,the difference of parents should be focused,meanwhile,mid-parent and low-parent can not too low,especially quality characters.The genetic correlation analysis showed that photosynthetic characters were significantly and positively correlated to yield characters.Thus efficient photosynthesis of F1 is the foundation of high yield.In quality characters,soluble sugar content was significantly and positively correlated,but Vc and protein were weakly negative to yield characters.Therefore,we should pay attention to the coordination of them in parental selection.