根部喷施FeSO_4对春小麦籽粒组分和面粉品质的影响

Changes of Grain Components and Flour Quality of Spring Wheat Cultivars with Root Spraying FeSO_4

以4个春小麦品种为材料,在温室条件下研究了根部喷施不同量FeSO4对小麦籽粒硫含量、铁含量、蛋白质含量、淀粉组成、SDS沉淀值、面筋品质和面团流变学特性的影响。结果表明:喷施FeSO4后4个品种的硫含量、铁含量、蛋白含量、SDS沉淀值、湿面筋含量和面筋指数均显著高于对照,但各处理间干面筋含量无显著变化,且不同品种、不同品质参数达到最高值的FeSO4喷施量并不一致;2个品种的直链淀粉含量、直支比和总淀粉含量比对照显著降低,另2个品种直链淀粉含量和直支比却无显著变化;各品种的面团形成时间、稳定时间和断裂时间随着FeSO4喷施量的增加呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,并均在15g/m2或22.5g/m2FeSO4喷施量水平达到最佳,但均与FeSO4喷施量无显著相关性。研究发现,根部喷施适宜浓度的FeSO4可在一定程度上改善春小麦籽粒组分和面粉品质,但改善的效果因品种和品质参数而异。

The effects of root spraying FeSO4 on grain sulphur content,iron content,protein content,starch components,SDS-sedimentation value,gluten quality and rheological properties in four spring wheat cultivars were investigated in the greenhouse.The results showed that different FeSO4 spraying amounts had significant influence on grain components and flour quality.The sulphur content,iron content,protein content,SDS-sedimentation value,wet gluten content and gluten index of FeSO4 sprayed sample were significantly higher than S0（0 g/m2）,but the dry gluten content has no significant change.The most suitable FeSO4 spraying amount for different cultivars and different quality parameters were different too.The amylose content,amylose/amylopectin ratio and total starch content of two cultivars were significantly lower than S0 and the other two cultivars had no significant change.The development time,stability and breakdown time in farinograph for the four cultivars was increased first and then reduced.The FeSO4 spraying amount for the best rheological properties was S2（15 g/m2）or S3（22.5 g/m2）.The FeSO4 spraying amount and rheological parameters have no significant correlations.