平衡操和传球游戏对社区老人注意和平衡能力提高的效果观察

Effects of balance gym and pass-ball game on the improvement of balance and attention abilities of community elders

目的:在社区开展娱乐康复预防老人跌倒的活动中,观察平衡操和传球游戏对社区老人注意力和平衡能力提高的效果。方法:A、B、C、D四社区128位老人参与研究,A社区进行功能第1次评定后进行娱乐康复锻炼2月,B社区功能第1次评定后不进行锻炼,2个月后A和B社区进行功能第2次评定。随后B社区锻炼,2个月后再次进行功能第3次评定。C、D社区和A、B社区研究设计相同。功能评定包括注意力评定和平衡能力评定。娱乐康复锻炼方法为坐和站位平衡操、传球活动,均每周5次,每次约20min。结果:共87位老人完成锻炼和功能评定,锻炼后A、C、D社区老人听跟踪有显著提高;B、C社区老人注意广度有显著提高:A、B、D社区老人注意持久性有显著提高。4组社区老人左右摆幅值均明显减少;A、B社区老人右前后摆幅减少,B、C、D社区老人左内外摆幅值减少;D社区老人右内外摆幅值减少,A、B、D社区老人轨迹长值明显减少。结论:娱乐康复中的平衡操、传球活动能提高社区老人的视、听追踪、注意持久性、注意广度能力和站位平衡能力。

Objective： To observe the effects of balance gym and pass-ball game on the improvement of balance and attention abilities of community elders.Method：One hundred and twenty-eight elders were from A,B,C,D communities. After the first assessment, community A elders proceeded therapeutic recreation, and community B elders did not. Two months later, these two communities elders received the second assessment, then community B elders proceeded therapeutic recreation, two months later they received the third assessment. Communities C and D elders received the same procedures as those of communties A and B. The assessments included attention and balance abilities. Therapeutic recreation included sitting and standing balance gym and pass-ball game, proceeded 5 times weekly, 20min each time. Result：Eighty -seven elders completed therapeutic recreation and function assessments. After therapeutic recreation, the function of audition tracing of communities A,C,D elders improved, attention span of communities B,C elder improved, and attention persistence of communities A,B,D elders improved. The left and right sway of four communities elders decreased, the right anterior-posterior sway of communities A,B elders decreased, the left exterior and interior sway of communities B,C,D elders decreased, the right exterior and interior sway of community D elders decreased, and the track length of communities A,B,D elders decreased. Conclusion：In therapeutic recreation, balance gym and pass-ball game can improve the abilities of vision and audition tracing, attention persistence, attention span and the ability of standing balance in communities elders.