论儒家“礼乐教化”思想及其当代价值

On the Confucian "Ritual Music Enlightenment" Thought and its Contemporary Value

礼乐教化思想发轫于中国的上古时代,在此思想的基础上,儒家对此进行了新的阐释和发挥,把礼乐教化思想分为社会性礼乐教化与个体人格修养,前者是面向所有人的,后者是面向"君子"的,后者是儒家思想的重点。儒家礼乐教化是以"礼乐"为手段的"仁义"教育,包括礼教、乐教、诗教,其表现形式是审美教育,其核心是道德教育;尽管如此,儒家礼乐教化所要塑造的是"文质彬彬"、"美善相乐"的"中和"人格,也就是审美修养与道德素质、美育与德育兼备;儒家所以认为"礼乐"可以发挥教化人心的功能关键在于"乐"的"感动人心"的作用,也就是说是一种以情感为核心的教育,而主要并不是一种"知"的教育,使道德要求潜移默化地成为人的一种素质。儒家的礼乐教化思想对于当代思想政治教育与和谐社会的建构都具有很大价值。

The ritual music enlightenment thought began in ancient time in China. In this thought foundation, Confucians have carried on the new explanation and the display regarding this, divided it into the social ritual music enlightenment and the individual character. The former is for all, the latter is for the ＂gentlemen＂, and the focus of Confucianism. Confucian ritual indoctrination is a ＂ritual＂ as a means of ＂selflessness＂ of education, including the propriety, music education, poetry teaching, its manifestation is the esthetic education, its core is the moral education; Nevertheless, Confucian ritual indoctrination to be shaped by a ＂gentle＂, ＂relative goodness and fun＂ and ＂Neutral＂ personality, that is, aesthetic self-cultivation and moral qualities, both aesthetic and moral education. Therefore the Confucian thought ＂the ritual music＂ may display the enlightened will of the people the function key lies in ＂happily＂ ,＂the move will of the people＂ the function, i.e. is one kind take the emotion as the core education, but is mainly not one kind ＂the knowledge＂ the education, causes the moral claim to become person＇s one kind of quality subtly. Confucian ritual music enlightenment thought has the very great value regarding the present age ideological and political education and the harmonious society＇s construction.