中国海相碳酸盐岩优质储层形成的地质条件

Geological Conditions of Marine Carbonate High-Quality Reservoir in China

海相碳酸盐岩储层已成为我国重要的战略储层,加大研究及勘探力度是一个必然趋势。分析了中国海相碳酸盐岩储层的复杂性和特殊性,重点对我国海相碳酸盐岩储层发育的控制因素进行了分析讨论。研究资料表明,我国海相碳酸盐岩在沉积—改造双重作用的控制下,发育多套优质的储层,勘探潜力巨大;利于孔隙发育及后期改造进行的沉积相带,以及后期持续进行的建设性的改造作用构成了我国优质碳酸盐岩储层形成的地质条件;硫酸盐热化学还原反应是高含硫化氢气藏优质储层形成的关键,在海相油气勘探中,可利用硫化氢来预测有利储层发育区带。

Marine carbonate reservoirs are the important strategic reservoirs in China. They have been inevitably the focus for the research and exploration. This paper analyzes the complexity and particularity of marine carbonate reservoirs, emphatically discusses their development controlling factors. The research indicates that under the control of sedimentation-transformation, the marine carbonates in China develop multiple high-quality reservoirs with great exploration potential. The sedimentary facies, favorable for the development of pores, and the late-transformation as well as the sustainable constructive transformation, offer the geological conditions for the formation of high-quality marine carbonate reservoirs. Thermochemical sulfate reduction is the key of the generation of high-quality reservoirs with high H2 S-bearing gas pool. Hence, H2S content in strata can be used in predicting the perspective area of the high-quality carbonate reservoirs.