采掘设备液压润滑系统污染控制研究与实践

Research and Practices on Pollution Control of Hydraulic and Lubrication System in Mining and Excavation Equipment

为了改善和提高采掘设备生产工作中的安全性、可靠性、经济性,基于油液分析与铁谱技术,研究了采煤机、掘进机的液压、润滑系统的污染状态,采用原子发射光谱仪、铁谱显微镜、分析铁谱仪、振荡球式黏度计,定机、定点、定期采集油样,监测、试验、分析采煤机、掘进机的润滑磨损变化趋势,以及引起润滑磨损状态衰变或产生故障的因素、来源、烈度及其微观特征,并实例分析液压、润滑系统受到污染的危害性与机理,提出控制污染对策措施。结果表明:具有普遍危害性的污染物是粉尘和水,影响最大的是近于4∶1关系的含Si和A l的化合物粉尘。

In order to improve and increase the safety, reliability, economic of the mining and excavation equipment in mine production, based on the oil analysis and ferro spectrum technology, the paper had a research on the pollution status of the hydraulic and lubrication system in the drum coal shearer and mine roadheader. With the atomic emission spectrometer, ferro spectrum microscope, analysis ferro spectrometer and oscillated ball type viscosimeter and with the oil samples collected from the designed equipment, designed location and designed period, the lubrication and wear variation tendency of the drum coal shearer and mine roadheader were monitored, measured and analyzed. The paper thus analyzed the factors, causes, intensity and micro features to the lubrication and wear status decay or fault occurred. With the cases, the paper analyzed the pollution harmfulness and mechanism of the hydraulic and lubrication system. The paper provided the countermeasures of pollution control. The results showed that the pollutants with the universal harmfulness would be dust and water. The most influenced pollutants would be the Si and AI compound dust with 4：1 ratio approximately.