言论自由与名誉权的法律冲突及其诉讼规则

Legal Conflict between Freedom of Speech and the Right of Reputation and the Procedure Rule on It

当前,我国审判实践对于名誉权以及公民言论自由权利的平衡存在较为明显的困境。在名誉侵权案件中现行诉讼规则和司法解释并没有将同样重要的言论自由权纳入保护的范围。言论自由与名誉权在权利本质上具有一定的紧张关系,其冲突的诉讼规则必须在举证责任分配、权利配置方式等方面平衡宪法性的言论自由与民法视野中的名誉权。

There is imbalance between the reputation right and citizens＇ freedom of speech in our judicial practice. The existing procedure rule and judicial interpretation do not bring the right of freedom of speech into the scope of legal protection. There is tense relation between freedom of speech and the right of reputation in essence. The procedure rule must hold a balance between the right of reputation and freedom of speech in distribution of burden of persuasion and in the way of allocation of rights.