简易微喷灌技术及其在旱塬麦田应用研究

Simple Micro-sprinkling Irrigation Method and its Application in Dryland Wheat Production

以塑管渗灌技术为基础发展起来的简易微喷灌技术，除具有渗灌的优点外，还具有可移动、投资小、简便灵活、适应性广等特点。小麦越冬期即使补水量不大，也可使土壤水分有明显增加，到翌年春，50～80cm土层含水量补水田高于对照2．57个百分点。小麦返青期补水田0～30cm土层含水量平均比对照高3．39个百分点。在1997～1998年度特殊干旱条件下，不同补水时期的增产效应为抽穗期＞拔节期＞返青期。补水量在450m3／hm2以内，随补水量的增加，增产幅度增大。地膜覆盖加补水，产量增加366．0～1324．5kg／hm，增产率为25．0％～90．4％。裸地麦田补水，产量增加315．0～701.6kg/hm2，增产率为22．5％～50．2％，产投比为1．2～1．6。

Advantages of micro-sprinkling irrigation method are moving easily, low investment, simple structure and extensive adaptability. After irrigating 200～400m3/hm2, soil water content will be increased quickly, suitable irrigation times are heading stage, joinhng stage and turning green stage.Between 200～400m3/hm2, wheat yield increased depend on increases of irrigation. Under film mulching, after irrigating water, wheat yield increased 25. 0%～90.4% ,compared with noirringating water, and higher 22. 5% ～ 50. 2% than no-irrigating water under wheat farmlalnd of no-film mulching.Micro-sprinkling irrigating method is worth to extend.