面向21世纪的中国草地资源

Go Forward the 21st Century's Chinese Grassland Resources.

针对中国４亿ｈｍ２草地资源的多样性保护和开发利用潜力，从保护、综合利用的角度阐述了中国草地资源在国民经济中的重要地位和作用，并依据大量统计数据对中国草地畜牧业生产能力低的原因、存在的问题以及现状进行了比较和客观的分析。在此基础上，提出挖掘中国草地资源综合利用的潜力必需依靠科学技术和有效的管理，特别是从中国草地资源近几十年的发展历程看，尽管还没有从根本上改变传统草地畜牧业的落后面貌，还没有形成一整套的发展思路和策略，但在实现草地畜牧业现代化过程中必须致力于改变粗放的经营方式，注重保护和合理利用草地资源，注重草地改良和兴建人工草地及退化草地恢复植被重建，注重家畜良种化和科学化饲养，注重专业化生产和规模化经营，注重提高科技含量和机械化程度，注重社会化服务体系的完善。将各种生产要素优化组合、合理配置，走集约化经营的路子，可以说是草地资源可持续发展和利用进程中带有方向性、战略性的问题。

This paper deals with the important position and affect of Chinese grassland resources in national economic for its diversity conservation and developing and using potentiality. Based on many statistical data, the auther analyses and compares the productivity, reasons,problems and present status of grassland and animal husbandry in China, and also the need of scientific techniques and effective management, in particular, reviewing the development history of Chinese grassland resources in the last years. It does not change traditional management of grassland and animal husbendry and it does not form a set of development ideas and strategy, but it was summarized following conclusions: must work for changing traditional management pattern, pay attention to conservation, rational utilization of grassland resources, grassland improvement, renewal of degradated grassland, improvement of livestoke variety, scientific raise, specialization production, larger scope management, increasing scientific and technicals and mechanization level, and a comprehensive service system. It is essential to good association of various manufacture elements and rational allocation for going into intensive management way. These should be the orientation and strategy for sustainable development and in rational utilization process.