急性白血病患者缓解后治疗间歇期自我保健状况调查分析

Analysis of Self-health-care Status of Acute Leukemia Patients in Treatment Intermission after Remission

目的了解急性白血病患者缓解后治疗间歇期的自我保健状况,并分析其影响因素。方法采用自设调查问卷对35例缓解后急性白血病患者自我保健状况进行调查,包括饮食、活动、排泄、生活规律、预防感染、预防出血共6个维度,并分析自我保健状况的影响因素。结果患者缓解后治疗间歇期自我保健状况问卷总分较高;女性患者饮食、预防出血维度得分和自我保健总分高于男性患者,文化程度初中以上患者活动维度得分高于初中及以下患者,病程≤12个月患者预防感染维度得分高于>12个月患者,缓解后化疗>3次患者活动维度得分高于≤3次患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论患者缓解后治疗间歇期自我保健状况较好;性别、文化程度、缓解后化疗次数及病程是影响患者自我保健状况的因素。护士在对急性白血病缓解后治疗间歇期患者进行健康教育时,应注意其不同特点和个体差别,提供有针对性、有效的健康教育措施。

Objective To understand the self-health-care status of acute leukemia patients in treatment intermission after remission, and analyze the influencing factors. Methods By means of the self-designed questionnaire, a survey was made with 35 acute leukemia patients after remission as to their self-health care status covering dieting, activities, eccrisis, living rules, infection prevention and hemorrhage prevention. Then the influencing factors were analyzed. Results The total score of self-health-care state of acute leukemia patients in treatment intermission after remission was high. Diet score, hemorrhage prevention score, and self-health-care state score of the female patients were higher than those of the male ones （P〈0.05）. The activity score of patients with education background above junior high school was higher than that of patients with junior high school education or below （P〈 0.05）. The infection prevention score of patients with course of disease shorter than 12 months was higher than that of patients whose courses of disease longer than 12 months （P〈0.05）. The activity score of patients with more than 3 courses chemotherapy after remission was higher than that of patients with less than 3 courses of chemotherapeutical treatment （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The self-health-care status of acute leukemia patients in treatment intermission after remission is good. Sex, educational background, times of chemotherapeutieal treatments, and the course of the disease are among the factors influencing the patient＇s self-heath-care status. Nurses, while offering health education to acute leukemia patients in treatment intermission after remission, should take into account of the differences between the individuals to make the education more directed and effective.