优质白菜型油菜扬油三号的选育

Study on Breeding of Canola Variety Yangyou No.3

以改良后的上海黄籽白菜型地方种为母本，与引自澳大利亚的黄籽双低品种Ｊｕｍｂｅｃｋ杂交，成功地选育出了高产、优质、多抗、早熟的白菜型油菜新品种扬油三号。试验试种结果表明：该品种产量高，一般产量可达１８７５～２２５０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２。品质优，芥酸、硫甙含量分别为０．２４％和２９．１４μｍｏｌ／ｇ，符合国家双低标准。熟期早，在扬州常年于５月１５～１８日成熟，适宜作棉花前茬、单季水稻秧池田和场基地种植。抗逆性强，抗（耐）病性、抗倒性均好于对照扬油二号。在选育方法上，采用先高产后优质的技术路线，低世代注重产量、熟期、抗性等性状的选择，以自由授粉为主，入选单株较多，保证优质基因不丢失，高世代通过测定获得双低材料，再经几代的混合选择，逐步稳定。

Yangyou No.3 had successfully been breed by crossing between the developed Shanghai local variety (B.campestris) with yellow seed which was female parent and yellow seed canola quality variety“Jumbeck”introduced from Australian.Yangyou No.3 was a high yield、canola quality、strong resistance and early maturity variety.The results of regional test were as follows:yield,1 875～2 250kg/hm 2;the content of erucic acid and glucosinolate,0.24% and 29.14μmol/g,which conformed to the national level;early maturity,in the period of 15～18 May in Yangzhou.Its resistance to disease and lodging were stronger than Yangyou No.2. Breeding technical way was the performance of high yield was selected first and then canola quality.In low generation,the performances of yield、maturity and resistance were selected and in high generation,the canola materials were gotten by testing and mixed selecting to be slowly stabilize.