断块构造说的形成和发展

Frameworks and development of fault-block tectonics

断块说形成过程充分表现了张文佑先生广蓄并纳继承创新的治学思路。在1956～1958年主持编纂的1:5 000 000中国大地构造图及其说明书《中国大地构造纲要》和20世纪80年代初期完成的1:5 000 000中国及邻区海陆大地构造图及其说明书《断块构造导论》是其发展两大阶段的标志。古中国大陆在断裂体系影响下破碎分离再逐步拼合的过程中形成稳定断块与活动带相间的格局;拉张造洋挤压造陆,洋、陆型地壳互相转化等两大学术观点的提出是其重大理论创新。断块说在解释中国及邻区大地构造中不断发展并融合了其它学术流派,断块开合说的提出即是其表现之一。立足亚洲—西太平洋复杂的地质构造断块说可望得到进一步发展。

Development for the theory of fault-bock tectonics fully represents Professor Zhang Wenyou＇s way of academic pursuits——to be open to various ideas, absorb good ones and bring forth new ones. Professor Zhang＇s achievements are mainly reflected in his three pieces of works. The first one is “The 1 ： 5 000 000 Tectonic Map of China” and its instruction book “The Tectonic Outline of China” ,which were edited in 1956 -1958. The second one is “The 1 ： 5 000 000 Marine and Continental Geotectonic of China and Its Adjacent Areas” and its instruction book. The third one is “An Introduction to Fault-Block Tectonics”. In addition, he has two theoretical innovations in academic field. On refers to that the China Continent broke up due to the fault system and then pieced up. In this process ,the China Continent developed a framework of stable fault blocks and active belts alternated with each other. The other one refers to the proposals of two academic opinions——tension to the formation of oceanic crust and compression to the formation of continental crust, transformation of oceanic crust and continental crust. In expounding geotectonic of China and its surrounding areas, the theory of fault-block tectonics developed and merged with other academic schools, and hence the idea of fault-block and opening-closing tectonics was proposed. If we go further into the complex features of Asia- Western Pacific geological tectonics, the theory of fault-block tectonics may be developed further.