双峰驼荐髂关节骨连接的过渡类型

Articulatio Sacroiliaca in Camelus bactrianus A Transitional Type Between Direct Juncture and Indirect Juncture of Bones

采用大体解剖学方法，对８例成年双峰驼的荐髂关节进行了形态结构研究。结果发现，双峰驼之荐髂关节较其他动物具有以下显著特征：（１）没有围绕两骨接触面边缘附着的荐髂关节囊；（２）没有完整的耳状面；（３）髂骨翼和荐骨翼间无活动性，属不动关节；（４）两骨间的连接以纤维束为主，有２例还伴有骨性融合现象。纤维束中散在着几个关节小区，有的小区有关节囊、关节面、关节腔等关节基本结构，有的小区则不完全具备上述结构。这是一种既具有纤维关节特征同时又具有滑膜关节特征的混合关节，在骨连接分类方面属直接连接和间接连接的过渡类型。

The eight sacroiliac joints of adult bactrian camels were dissected and compared with same ones of other animals to study their shapes and structures. The results show that there are following marked characteristics in the sacroiliac articulation of bactrian camel. (1)There is no a articular capsule attached to the border of the juncture areas of the two bones forming the joint. (2)Neither iliac ala nor sacral ala has auricular surface. (3)There is no movement between the iliac ala and the sacral ala, the sacroiliac joint being a synarthrosis. (4)The sacral and iliac alae are held mostly by clumps of fibers. The synostosis has taken place in two ones of the eight cases besides the juncture of fibers. Among the clumps of the fibers there are several small articular regions. At some small articular regions there are articular surface, capsule, cavity as essential parts of articulation, but in others such perfect structures of articulation are absence. This is a mixed type of joint both with feature of the fibrous joint and the characteristics of the synovial articulation. In the classification of the junctures of bones it belongs to a transitional type between the direct juncture and the indirect juncture of bones.