关于保险市场道德风险的微观经济学问题研究

The Micro-economic problems Related to Financial Risk of Insurance Market

保险市场是一个典型的信息不对称市场,主要表现为道德风险问题,这种对信息占有的不对称状况,很容易被保险市场参与者所利用,并导致保险市场运行的低效率。目前,中国保险市场上保险公司和投保人之间的道德风险问题表现得比较突出,已经成为制约保险业可持续发展的一个重要因素。本文从理论角度研究道德风险问题产生的机制,梳理信息不对称问题在理论上的解决方法,并从中得到保险市场应对道德风险问题的建议。

Insurance market is a typical market of information asymmetry, which can lead to two main problems： adverse selection and moral hazard. However, another kind of problem resulting from information asymmetry emerged recently and is attracting more and more attentions from supervisors and the public. It is that the insurers may take advantage of the asymmetric information and do something adverse to policyholders, potential consumers and even the investors of the society. The asymmetry of the possession of the information can be very easily used by insurers, and this will lead to low efficiency of the insurance market. Currently, the issues of information asymmetry between the insurers and policyholders are standing out and hinder the continuable development of China＇s insurance industry. This paper gives a theoretic analysis of the formation mechanism of information asymmetry issues, makes a summary of the solutions, and provides some advice about how to tackle the issues in China.