适宜机械化作业宽行种植的甘蔗肥料效应

Fertilizer Effects on Mechanization Wide Row Spacing Sugarcane

根据适宜机械化作业的行距要求,对4个肥料处理在3个甘蔗品种上的施用效果进行分析。结果表明:沿用现农民习惯施肥方式不仅投入大,而且在甘蔗前期发芽、蔗茎伸长、糖分积累、甘蔗及糖产量等各方面都表现最差,投入、产出效率低下;单纯施用专用肥在甘蔗伸长盛期之前效果最好,但后期有脱肥现象发生,宜适当加量或补施;生物有机肥+追肥型专用肥的肥效缓释特点使得甘蔗后期不脱肥,尽管营养生长维持时间稍长,工艺成熟略晚,但总体的投入、产出比优于其他处理,具有很大的推广价值;不同品种的生长特点不同,产量构成的主因子也有所不同,应选择不同的肥料处理组合分类指导,进行科学的营养管理。

Four fertilizer treatments for three sugarcane varieties were undertaken for mechanization under wide row spacing. The result showed： the grower habitually fertilizer application was the costliest, which is inferior in germination, stalk elongation, sugar content, cane and sugar yield, the ratio of input/output was unreasonable. The pure special fertilizer showed better effect before the magnificent elongating period, the grower had better increase this fertilizer amount for nutrient shortage in later period. The combination of the bio-organic fertilizer and the special fertilizer could prolong the vegetative period without nutrient shortage, thus postponed the processing maturity a little, this combination could be extended rapidly for its best ratio of input/output. Different varieties had different traits and different yield factors. The different fertilizer combinations could be chosen under scientific guide.