生活废水培养螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)中的营养物质构成

Nutrient composition of Spirulina platensis grown on digested domestic wastewater

研究生活废水培养螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis,SP)中的主要营养物质构成.用厨房废水(kitchen wastewater,KW)摇瓶培养SP,观察藻细胞在KW中的生长状态,以及低、高光照强度(36μmol/m2.s和108μmol/m2.s)对SP生长的影响.化学比色法检测KW培养的SP(KW-SP)中的总蛋白质(Pr)、脂(Lip)和水溶性多糖(Ploys)等主要营养物质的构成.结果发现,SP在KW中的生长速率、生物量及产率可达在Zarrouk培养液(ZM)中的80%以上,并表现有明显氮营养缺乏特点;与ZM培养的SP(ZM-SP)相比,低、高光照强度下培养的KW-SP中Pr(分别占干质量的47.7%和40.3%)明显降低(P<0.05),Lip(26.5%和19.3%)显著增高(P<0.05),高光照强度下培养的KW-SP中Ploys(24.1%)显著增高(P<0.05);KW-SP中天冬氨酸(Asp)和蛋氨酸含量明显增加(P<0.05),精氨酸、组氨酸和胱氨酸含量则明显降低(P<0.05).用生活废水培养的SP营养价值仍然较高,培养过程中氮缺乏和光照强度对KW-SP中蛋白质、脂、多糖及氨基酸构成有重要影响.

Evaluation of nutrient composition of Spirulina platensis （SP） grown on domestic wastewater （DW） was undertaken. SP cultivation was carried out in digested kitchen waster （KW） either at a light flux of 36 （lower） or 108 μmol photon/m^2 · s （ higher）, utilizing shaking flasks. Contents of total protein, lipids and water soluble polysaccharides were determined by colorimetric methods. Although SP cuhivation in DW displayed nitrogen deficiency, the special growth rate and biomass concentration （as dry weight） after 10 days of cultivation in the DW was above 80% to the one observed in Zarrouk medium （ZM）, regardless of the light intensity. Compared to the SP grown on ZM （ZM-SP）, the protein and the total lipids contents of the biomass in SP grown on KW （KW-SP） were significantly decreased （ P 〈 0. 05）, regardless of the light flux. However, the water soluble polysaccharide was obviously enriched in KW-SP （21.4%） at the higher light intensity （P 〈0. 05）. Additionally, the contents of amino acids of Asp and Met were increased, while that of Arg, His and Cys were decreased in KW-SP （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Present results indicated that SP products with high nutrient value could be obtained by cultivation in DW. The variation of nutrient compositions in KW-SP was related to the nitrogen deficiency and light intensity during the cultivation.