华北煤矿奥灰突水特点及防治对策研究

Study on Ordovician Limestone Water Bursting Characteristics and Controlling Countermeasures in North China Coalmines

奥陶系灰岩含水层是华北地区各矿区煤层开采的重要水害,通过对奥灰突水及相关的案例分析,认为奥灰突水多发生在区域降水量大于700mm的矿区;导水断层和陷落柱是造成突水的主要通道;奥灰水也可以通过补给薄层灰岩而进入矿井;不同层段的奥灰岩,其富水性不同,奥灰岩顶界具有一定的隔水作用。针对华北地区煤矿奥灰突水特点,提出其防范对策应是加强不同层位的水文地质探查,重点防范集中导水通道突水,并进行中间层的改造。

The Ordovician limestone aquifer is the main threat of water bursting in the North China during coal mining. Through analyses of Ordovician limestone water bursting and case studies, considered that the water bursting is mainly happened in eoalmines where the regional annual precipitation higher than 700ram, while the water conducted fault zone and subsided columns are major channels of water bursting. Ordovician limestone water can enter into coalmines through recharging of thin layers of limestone; different sectors of Ordovician limestone have different water yield properties, and its top even plays as a confining bed to a certain extent. In allusion to the characteristics of Ordovician limestone water bursting in North China coalmines, the prevention countermeasures should have strengthening of hydrogeologieal exploration of various limestone horizons, to keep lookouts on water bursting through concentrated water conducted channels and carry out reformation of intermediate layers.