中世纪大学学术生活初探

Narration on the Academic State of Medieval Universities

中世纪大学长期以来都被认为是当时西方文明最具原初性的创造。这些界定清晰、组织严密、历经几个世纪的机构,独自承担了一种类型的文化传承,几乎是全部的神学、哲学、法学、科学等学科均或多或少在大学中实施。大学的历史基本上就是大学所教授的学说的历史,其学制、课程、教学、考试、学位、管理等是研究这一时期大学学术状况不可避免要涉及到的,文章拟从中世纪大学兴起的背景出发,针对以上维度对其学术生活状况进行了梳理。

Medieval universities were considered as the basic creativity of western civilization. These institutions were clear and definite, tight and longstand, undertaking a kind of civilization transmitting alone. Almost all of theology, philosophy, law, science and so on was implemented more or less in these universities. The history of university basically was the history of these subjects, the educational system, cuniculum, teach, examination, academic degree, management and so on are involving in tire academic research progress. Starting with the background of the rise of medieval universities, this article tries to card the academic state through these angles.