我国激光惯性约束聚变实验研究进展

Recent progress of inertial confinement fusion experiments in China

介绍国内自2000年以来的激光惯性聚变(inertial confmement fusion,ICF)实验研究进展,主要内容为神光Ⅱ激光装置上的实验,也对刚建成不久的神光Ⅲ原型装置上的实验作简要介绍.在神光Ⅱ激光装置上开展了多项的物理实验研究,进行了系列综合和分解实验,获得的主要实验技术指标为:黑腔峰值辐射温度超过二百万度;辐射驱动DT聚变中子产额达108和辐射驱动压缩DD燃料密度超过10倍液氘密度;辐射不透明的样品温度接近100eV.在神光Ⅱ装置上得到这些结果表明国内在惯性约束聚变研究方面取得了显著的进步.随着神光Ⅲ原型装置建造的完成,2007年在该装置上进行了首轮物理实验,开展了黑腔物理和辐射内爆物理实验,首轮实验的成功说明神光Ⅲ原型装置已具备实验能力.

The experimental progresses for inertial confinement fusion （ICF） of laser in China were intro-duced in this paper. The experiments were made on the Shenguang Ⅱ（SG-Ⅱ） and Shenguang Ⅲ prototype （SG-Ⅲ YX） laser facilities. The SG-ⅢYX was completed in 2006. The experiments on SG-Ⅱ included much physics research, which were some simple and integrated experiments. A lot of characteristic results were obtained. The data specification included that the radiation temperature in Hohlraum was above 2 million Kelven, the DT neutron yield driven by radiation achieved 108 per shot and the compressed fuel density was more than the decade of liquid DD density, the optical depth and Mach number of radiation transport in low density foam were respectively greater than 2 and 3, the electron temperature of heated sample in the opacity experiments was close to 100 eV. These results indicated that the significant achievement was acquired on SG-Ⅱ. The ICF experiments would mainly rely on SG-ⅢYX, after it was finished. The first experiment, which included the Holhraum and implosion physics, was made on SG-ⅢYX in 2007. The trouble-tree operation of the experiment showed that SG-ⅢYX could be used to investigate ICF experiments.