阿昔洛韦致不良反应86例文献分析

ADRs Induced by Acyclovir:Literature Analysis of 86 Cases

目的：探讨阿昔洛韦所致不良反应（ADR）的一般规律和特点，为临床合理用药提供参考。方法：对1995-2009年国内医药学术期刊报道的86例阿昔洛韦致不良反应病例进行统计、分析。结果发生ADR的原疾患以单纯性疱疹和带状疱疹患者最多（65例，占75.58％）。静脉滴注（76侧，88.37％）ADR发生率明显高于口服和局部用药；ADR在≤24h发生例数最多（25例，29.07％）。急性肾功能衰竭（Acute renal failure，ARF）是其严重且高发的不良反应，有54例占62.79％，大部分是由于不合理用药所致，一般为非少尿型，停药并经积极对症治疗大多预后良好。结论：临床医生应严格掌握适应证，严格选取药物的用法、用量，使用疗程不宜过长。

OBJECTIVE： To probe into the general patterns and features of adverse drug reactions （ADRs） caused by Acyclovir so as to provide reference for clinical rational medication. METHODS： A total of 86 ADR cases induced by acyclovir reported in domestic medical academic journals from 1995 to 2009 were analyzed statistically. RESULTS： 75.58 % （65 cases） of the acyclovir-induced ADRs cases were with herpes simplex and herpes zoster. 88.37% （76 cases） were induced via intravenous drip, followed by oral administration and local application. Most of the ADRs appeared within 24 h （25 cases,29.07% ）. Acute renal failure （ARF） was the most serious type with high incidence （54 cases,62.79% ）. Most of the ADRs cases were caused by irrational dug use and manifested as nonoliguria type, with good prognosis after drug discontinuation and active symptomatic treatment. CONCLUSION： Clinicians should be familiar with indications and strictly follow them in selecting application and dosage of drugs, moreover, the course of treatment with Acyclovir should not be too long.