农村居民国内旅游流空间集中性

Spatial concentration of domestic tourist flow of Chinese rural residents

旅游流的空间集中性是旅游流研究的热点问题,旅游流空间集中性需要新的审视。本文引入Jansen-Verbeke区域内部流和区域间流界定方法,以2003-2005年中国农村居民国内旅游为案例进行实证分析。结果表明：约70%的旅游流集中于本省内部,旅游流本省内部集中性支撑了“省内旅游”发展战略的认知和实施。“多核非对称旅游系统”已初步形成,其“核心—边缘”特征使得核心区（东部沿海地区）面临巨大的旅游承载压力;在旅游发展加剧区域经济差异的背景下,“边缘旅游”（中、西部地区）如何发展将成为重要课题。

Tourist flow is a basic question of tourism geography. Accordingly, spatial concentration of tourist flow draws great attention. But present studies have not distinguished its basic types concerning inherent mechanisms. This paper brings in the delimitation technique of Jansen-Verbeke＇s paper on the basis of domestic tourist flows of Chinese rural residents in 2003-2005. Accordingly, spatial concentration of tourist flow is classified into two basic types, that is, intra-provincial concentration and special-provincial concentration. The results can be obtained as follows. （1） Intra-provincial concentration is constrained by multi-dimensional elements, including provincial size, spatial accessibility, hierarchy of city, socio-economic factors, potential distribution of population, and motivation of travelling. As to the period 2003- 2005, about 70% of tourist flows are concentrated intra-provincially. Practically, this examination is helpful to the formation of development strategy called ＂intra-provincial tourism＂. Although man-made delimitation contradicts the limitless behavior of travelling, it accords with the true fundamental characteristics. （2） Dissymmetrical flowing of inter-provincial tourist flow induces the formation of special-provincial concentration, characterized by the special pointing which reflects the inter-provineial spatial interaction. Inter-provincial tourist flows mostly inclined to move to neighbouring provinces, to economically-developed regions, to large regional centres in economic, historical and cultural perspectives, to coastal areas. ＂Polycentric and asymmetrical tourism system＂ has elementarily formed and takes on a stable spatial pattern. Its ＂centre-periphery＂ characters have different meanings for centre （i. e. eastern coastal areas） and periphery （i. e. central and western China）. Central areas bear great weight of the large-scale inbound tourist flow while peripheral areas seek development due to regional economic disparities caused by development of tourism. （3） To analyze the evolving tendency from dialectic angle, this paper anticipates that intra-provincial concentration will slow down as special-provincial concentration with the increase of people＇s emissiveness, continual experiments of people＇s leisure plan, and the increasingly perfect full paid vacation system. Inter-provincial flowing of tourist flow will be much more frequent in the future.