含糖嵌段聚合物的合成

The Synthesis of Block Glycopolymers

含糖嵌段聚合物生物降解性和生物相容性好,其分子链上含有大量可反应性基团(如羟基、氨基或羧基),可进行后续功能化改性,在热塑性弹性体、增容剂、表面活性剂、生物降解材料、药物载体材料等方面显示出广阔的应用前景,是近年来发展起来的一种新型功能材料。本文综述了含糖嵌段聚合物的合成研究进展,糖种类涉及寡糖、纤维素、葡聚糖、直链淀粉和透明质酸等,聚合方法主要包括阴离子聚合、阳离子聚合、自由基聚合、开环聚合、酶促聚合、化学偶联等。

Block glycopolymer is a new kind of functional materials with good biodegradability and biocompatibility. Moreover, there are many reactive pendant groups such as hydroxy, amino and carboxy groups in its molecular chain which makes it possible to be further modified and obtain new functions. This kind of material can be widely used as thermoplastic elastomers, compatibilizers, surfactants, biodegradable materials and drug delivery. In this paper, the advances in the synthesis of this kind of materials are briefly reviewed, sugars involving oligosaccharide, cellulose, dextran, amylose and hyaluronan, polymerization methods including free radical polymerization, anionic polymerization, cation polymerization, open-ring polymerization, enzymatic polymerization and coupling polymerization.