诠释法律与社会的关系——莎士比亚《一报还一报》的法理解读

Interpretation of the Relationship between Law and Society——The Jurisprudence of Shakespeare’s Measure for Measure

莎士比亚在《一报还一报》中以文学艺术的手法向我们揭示了法学理论的一个基本问题——法律与社会的关系,即法律应以社会为基础,而非社会以法律为基础,否则,将会产生不正义;同时,他批判了安哲鲁法条机械主义和公爵纯粹自由裁量两种极端的法律实施倾向。本文认为,莎士比亚不但向我们揭示了法律与社会的正确关系,而且提出了解决法律脱离社会问题的方法,即有限制的衡平思想。

Shakespeare gave us a legal theory about the relationship between the law and the sociaty that the law should be based on the sociaty in Measure for Measure. Otherwise, it would be unjust. At the same time, he criticized the two extreme tendencies： the law machinery and purely discretionary implementation of laws. This article holds that Shakespeare not only revealed to us the correct relationship between the law and the sociaty, but also put forward suggestions to solve the problem, that is the thinking of equity.