论明代皇帝两极化性格特征的成因及影响

On the Reasons and Influences of Emperors' Polarized Characters in Ming Dynasty

明代皇帝的性格或过于强悍暴躁,或过于软弱怯懦,呈现出鲜明的两极化特征,这种性格与其继位前的生存经历和社会教化有密切关系。险恶的生存环境使他们不得不克制、压抑自我欲望与自由意志,委曲求全,人格被极度扭曲;而教育环节中讲官的教育失败、宦官的引诱误导,助长了皇帝的叛逆心理与狂者人格。一旦他们皇权在握,容易产生报复或补偿心理,无心政务,放纵情欲,有失君道,逐渐沦为"问题皇帝"。

Emperors polarized characters in Ming Dynasty have a close connection with their experience and education before suceeding to the throne.The bad living environment deprive them of free will and desire,make them self-control and distort their personality.Failure in education and eunuch s Lure and misleading help emperors rebelling mentality and crazy personality.Once on throne,they are likely to revenge,indulage in sex and be reduced to ＂problem emperors＂.