转基因抗虫棉种子品质性状的遗传效应及相关性分析

Analysis of Genetic Effect and Correlation for Seed Quality Traits in Transgenic Bt Insect-resistant Cotton

采用二倍体种子数量性状遗传模型和统计分析方法,分析了陆地棉9个亲本和30个杂交组合的子指、种仁率、仁壳比、蛋白质含量、油分含量和棉酚含量等种子物理性状和营养品质性状的遗传效应、遗传率和遗传相关性。结果表明,所有棉子品质性状均受种子直接遗传效应和母体遗传效应的共同控制,种仁率还受到细胞质效应的影响。子指和仁壳比以母体显性效应为主,蛋白质含量以显性效应为主,油分含量和棉酚含量以母体加性效应为主。遗传相关性分析表明,棉子物理性状和营养品质性状间的显性遗传相关均达到极显著水平,其中子指与蛋白质含量呈极显著显性正相关,子指与油分含量和棉酚含量呈显性负相关。种仁率和仁壳比与3个棉子营养品质性状间的母体遗传相关均达到了极显著水平。

With genetic models for diploid plant seed, data for 9 upland cotton parents and 30 hybrid combinations were analyzed for three seed physical traits （seed index, kernel percentage, kernel/hull） and three kernel nutrient quality traits （protein content, oil content, gossypol content）. The results indicated that the embryo effects and maternal effects for seed quality traits were more important than that of cytoplasmic effects. In addition, kernel percentage was controlled by cytoplasmic effects. Seed index and kernel/hull were mainly controlled by the maternal dominant effects. Protein content was controlled by the dominant effects. The maternal additive effects were the mainly effects for gossypol content and oil content. Maternal correlations were chief between the kernel percentage and kernel/ hull, as well as that with three nutrient quality traits. Correlation components were estimated among six seed or kernel quality traits. The positive dominant correlation was obtained between seed index and protein content. Significant negative dominant correlations were found between seed index and gossypol content, as well as seed index and oil content.