植物提取物对玉米蚜忌避效果研究

Repellent Effect of Plant Extracts on Cornleaf Aphid

采用冷浸法按溶剂与植物干粉6∶1体积比对大蒜、葱、韭菜和辣椒4种植物样品浸泡提取。在提取物浓度为l g/mL下,测定了各提取物对玉米蚜的忌避效果。结果表明:辣椒、大蒜的不同溶剂提取物对玉米蚜均表现出较好的忌避作用。辣椒乙醚提取物对玉米蚜的忌避效果最佳,忌避率平均为0.64;其次忌避效果较好的为大蒜丙酮提取物,忌避率平均为0.62。忌避效果较低的为葱乙醚提取物,忌避率仅为0.25。

Dry samples were smashed,then socked and extracted by 6∶1（by vol） ethanol,acetone,acetidine and aether respectively.The four plants were Allium sativum L.,Allium fistulosum L.,Allium tuberosum Rottler and Capsicum frutescens L..The extractions were diluted to 1 g/mL,and the extraction repellent effect on Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch was studied.The results showed that the extracts of C.frutescens L.and A.sativum L.were especially remarkable.The plant aether extraction from C.frutescens L.had the most effect, and the repellent index on R. maidis Fitch was 0.64. The repellent effect of secondary was the acetone extrat of A. sativum L, , and the repellent index was 0.62. The minimum repellent effect was the aether extrat of A. fistulosum L. ,the repellent index was only 0.25.