汉语被动式界定研究

A Research on the Definition of the Passive Form in Chinese

"被动式"是汉语中一类常见而又独特的句式。关于被动式的界定,语法学界历来多有讨论,也多所争议。我们运用形式和意义相结合的理论,从名称、外延和内涵三个方面对汉语被动式进行了系统的梳理,将无标志被动式——意念被动式、伪标志被动式——"由"字句、虚标志被动式——被动结构及"被V"式合成词等排除在真正意义的被动式之外。

Passive Form is a common but distinctive sentence type in Chinese, the definition of which has been discussed many times in the field of grammar. This paper defines passive form from three aspects, namely, the denomination, the extension and the intension by applying the combination theory of form and meaning. Non-signed passive formidea passive form, pseudo-signed passive form-＂You＂-sentenee, nominal-signed passive form-passive structure and the ＂ Bei V＂-type compound words are excluded from the genuine passive form. It is expected that the teaching and research of passive form can be promoted through the definition of its range and characters.