新疆粮棉生产格局变化及其发展策略探讨

On Pattern Changes of Grain-cotton Production and Its Development Strategy in Xinjiang

新疆作为中国重要的粮食安全后备基地和国家最大的优质棉花生产基地,粮棉生产发展对国家粮食和棉花安全具有重要的影响。本文分析了建国以来新疆粮棉生产布局的发展变化,以及区域粮棉生产发展的优劣势条件及其存在的问题。结果表明,新疆相对单一的粮棉作物种植结构,已影响到区域粮食供给和农户收益。基于国家及区域粮棉安全的角度,从种植结构、基础设施建设、生产布局、产销经营,探讨了新疆粮棉生产发展的途径及方向。

As the important base of grain security reserve and high-quality cotton, the developmental strategy of grain-cotton production will play an important role for country security of grain and cotton in Xinjiang. Based on statistic data from 1949 to 2007, the pattern change, development condition and questions for grain-cotton production was analyzed in this paper. The analysis indicated that the relatively sole grain-cotton planter structure has affected the region grain supplies and the peasant household income. Finally, some suggestions on grain-cotton production development strategy were presented based on national and the region grain-cotton security.