英国职前教师教育的变革与创新——“教学优先方案”的历程、模式和功过探析

The Change and Innovation of Initial Teacher Training in the UK——A Probe into the Process,Model,Merit and Disadvantage of the "Teach First Programme"

"教学优先方案"是英国在21世纪初出现的一种崭新的职前教师培养路径,融教师培养和领导能力培养于一种培训模式之中,是英国教师培养的创新性变革。该方案以美国的"为美国而教"计划为蓝本,从英国一流大学中招募优秀毕业生到城市"富有挑战性"的中学从事两年的教学工作,并接受培训。培训结束之后,学员可依据自己的意愿选择就业方向。该方案取得了一定的成效,但也存在一些问题。

＂Teach First Programme＂ is a new initial teacher training route,which was established in the early 21st century. It is an innovative change of teacher training in the UK,combining teacher training with leadership training in one model. This programme is modeled on ＂Teach For America＂ ,recruiting excellent graduates from top universities,asking them to teach in challenging schools for two years and to receive training. After training,the participants are able to choose favorite occupations according to their own ideas. This program has achieved some effect, but it still has some problems.