天然纤维水镁石阻燃剂的复合性能研究

Study on Composite Performances of Natural Fibrous Brucite Flame Retardant

以硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂和磷酸酯偶联剂对天然纤维水镁石(FB)阻燃剂进行表面改性。将未改性与改性的FB分别填充聚丙烯(PP),研究了未改性与改性的FB及填充量对PP的力学性能和阻燃性能的影响,结果表明:未改性与改性的FB填充量在37.4%以下时,磷酸酯偶联剂改性FB填充PP的熔体流动速率和钛酸酯偶联剂改性FB填充PP的断裂伸长率下降最小;未改性与改性的FB填充量在28.5%时,硅烷偶联剂改性FB填充PP的抗拉强度增强最多;FB的填充量为41.2%时,有明显的阻燃效果,PP的氧指数[OI]为28.5%,当改性FB以此填充量加入PP时,酸酯偶联剂改性FB填充PP的力学性能较好,PP的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度分别在21.10～22.51MPa和4.25～4.98MPa之间。最后,对纤维水镁石的阻燃机理进行了研究。

The silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent and organic phosphate coupling agent as surface modifiers were used to modify the natural fibrous brucite（FB） flame-retardant. The unmodified FB and modified FB were introduced into polypropylene to form composite plastic. The influences of unmodified FB and modified FB and flame-retardant content on the mechanical and flame-retardant properties of PP were studied. The results showed the melt flow rate of PP filled with FB modified by silane coupling agent and the elongation at break of PP filled with titanate coupling agent had the minimum decline when the unmodified FB and modified FB contents were below 37.4%, the tensile strength of PP filled with FB modified by organic phosphate coupling agent had the maximum increase when the unmodified FB and modified FB contents were 28.5%. When the filling amount of FB was 41.2%, the oxygen index [O1] of PP with a clear flame-retardant effect was 28.5%; When the filling amount of the modified FB was 41.2%, the tensile strength and the notched impact strength of PP filled with FB modified by organic phosphate coupling agent were 21.10-22.51MPa and 4.25-4.98MPa respectively, and had good mechanical properties. In additional, the mechanism of flame retardant was also researched.