农村基本公共服务:现状评价与路径选择

The Basic Public Service in Rural Area:a Comment on the Current Situation and a Suggested Rout

在社会主义和谐新农村建设的背景下,农村基本公共服务的有效供给和均等化问题是学界和政府关注的热点议题。调查发现,农村居民对各级政府提供农村基本公共服务的满意度由中央到地方逐级递减,并且,农村基本公共服务供给存在供给主体单一、投入不足、结构失衡和总体满意度不高的问题。为此,需要通过制度创新、调整政府间财政关系、借助社会组织与市场力量和构建与完善农民的需求表达机制等政策路径改善农村基本公共服务,从而均衡城乡利益、缩短城乡差距和改善农村居民的生存和发展条件,推动和谐新农村建设。

Under the background of the construction of new socialist harmonious countryside,the effective and equal offering of the basic public service in rural area is a hot point concerned and discussed by the academic circles and the government. According to investigations,the degree of rural residents' satisfaction to the basic public services offered by governments at different levels decreases from that of the central government to that of the lowest government. Moreover,there are some other problems in the offering of the basic public services in the rural areas,such as single offering subject,insufficient invention,unbalanced structure,and low degree of general satisfaction. Therefore,it is needed to balance the benefits between city and countryside,shorten the gap of difference between city and countryside,improve the rural resident's living and development condition,and promote the construction of new harmonious countryside,through the constitutional innovation,the adjustment of financial relationship between governments,the force of social organizations and market,and the establishment and perfection of the mechanism by which peasants express their demands.