海外汉语濒危方言

The Oversea Chinese Dialects in Imminent Danger

汉语方言是全世界华人共同拥有的非物质文化财富,本国汉语有濒危方言,海外汉语也有濒危方言。假如按照国内目前界定濒危方言的标准,所有的海外汉语方言就都应该笼统地列入濒危的行列,因为哪怕是华人社区的强势汉语方言,生存的环境都十分艰难,使用的人数在居住国也都处于绝对少数。文章根据海外华人社区的现状,将海外汉语濒危方言分为五个等级,说明五个级别濒危的程度依次递增,第一级相对轻,第五级程度最重。文章呼吁关注海外汉语方言调查研究,因为海外汉语方言积淀了华人华侨的海外移民史,积淀了华人华侨的海外发展史,积淀了华人华侨的集体记忆和智慧,既是汉语言和方言研究不可或缺的重要部分,也是华人华侨研究不可或缺的重要部分。

Chinese dialects are the non-substance wealth which belongs to the Chinese people all over the world. Some Chinese dialects in main land are on the brink of dangerous,also some oversea Chinese dialects. On broad sense,all the oversea Chinese dialects are actually on the brink of dangerous now. Because the oversea Chinese dialects are all existing in hard environments,and few people use them in daily communication. The paper divides the oversea Chinese dialects into five degrees. The first degree is less dangerous,but the fifth degree is the most dangerous. Oversea Chinese dialects store up the oversea Chinese emigrant history and the oversea Chinese people's memory and wisdom. The study of oversea Chinese dialects is not just one part of dialect study,but also one of the important parts of oversea Chinese research. The paper calls for a closer attention to the investigation and research of oversea Chinese dialects.