泡桐脱毒组培和规模化生产关键技术改进

The Key Technical Innovations for a Large Scale Production of Phytoplasma-free Seedlings of Various Paulownia Cultivars and Clones

对获得的C020、MB33、ZL-3、C125、YG、T1、9501、MG等泡桐不同品系组培苗,采用热处理结合茎尖培养和病菌检测,获得了其脱除泡桐丛枝植原体的脱毒组培苗。确定了适宜于不同品系的增殖培养条件和生根组培苗移栽至营养杯的基质。在中原地区,利用普通温棚春季营养杯苗移栽适宜时间为3月中旬至5月初,秋季移栽时间为8月下旬至10月上旬。春季生产的营养杯苗当季栽植因木质化程度低需带钵运输和苗圃定植,而秋季生产的根系木质化程度高的自然落叶休眠的营养杯苗能够在低温下安全越冬,次年早春可以裸根运输和栽植。这种营养杯苗的秋季生产方式不仅能提高造林成活率和当年生长量,而且能大大降低运输成本。

The phytoplasma-free plantlets in vitro cultured of several Paulownia clones and cultivars, C020, MB33, ZL-3, C125, YG, T1, 9501 etc were achieved through phytoplasma elimination techniques of thermotherapy combined with stem tip culture as well as pathogen detection. Optimized multiplication media and potting soil ingredients were selected favorable to in vitro cultured plantlets of various clones or cuhivars. In the central region of China, the suitable spring period of pot seedling production by transferring Paulownia rooting plantlets from flasks to plastic pots was from March to May and the autumn production period was from August to October in the unheated glasshouse. In case less lignified spring-producing seedlings were supplied to a nursery, especially to a long distant site, they had to be transported and transplanted together with pots. The autumn producing and more lignified seedlings could overwinter under 0℃ at dormant state and then would be transported conveniently as bare-rooted seedlings next early spring. This kind of seedling production innovation not only helps increase the transplant survival rate and growth of the seedling in the nursery but also reduce the long distance transportation cost significantly.