建筑火灾中人员疏散行为探析

Analysis on people's evacuating behavior during the building fire

人员安全疏散是建筑防火性能化设计与评估的重要判据之一,而建筑火灾中人的行为反应是影响人员安全疏散的主要因素。人员安全疏散时间的长短主要取决于人的行为,涉及年龄、性别、受教育水平、火灾应对经验等。研究了人在获悉火警信息后、决定逃生之前的各种行为反应特征,并应用统计学、心理学方法进行分析研究,掌握更加准确的行为反应特征,对于建筑防火性能化设计与安全评估,具有实用意义。

People＇s evacuation is one of the most important criterions of building fire performance based design and its evaluation, and people＇s behavior during the fire is a primary factor infecting the evacuation. The time of evacuation mostly depends on people＇s behavior, which is related to the age, gender, educational level, experience of dealing with fire accidents, et al. The various kinds of people＇s behavior before deciding to escape are analyzed, and the statistics and psychology is utilized to grasp the more accurate action character. It is practical to the building fire performance based design and safety assessment.