2007年辽宁省2型糖尿病患者牙周炎患病情况调查

A survey on the periodontal status in type 2 diabetic patients

目的调查2007年辽宁省2型糖尿病患者牙周炎患病率，分析此人群牙周炎发病的影响因素，以期为牙周病的预防和研究提供依据。方法选取辽宁省2007年糖尿病流行病学研究普查出的2型糖尿病患者182例，进行问卷调查，并检查6颗指数牙的牙周探诊深度（probing depth，PD）、附着丧失（attachment loss，AL）、龈沟出血指数（suletls bleeding index，SBI）、简化口腔卫生指数（simplified oral hygiene index，OHI—S）的情况。体格和生化指标检查：测量身高、体质量、血压、心电图等。患者检查前24h内禁食油腻食物，取上午8：00到10：00的空腹静脉血及口服75g葡萄糖后2h的静脉血，全自动血生化仪分析血清生化指标。结果182例2型糖尿病患者牙周炎患病率为96．7％（176／182），其中轻度牙周炎20例，占11．0％，中、重度牙周炎156例，占85．7％。182例患者共检测6552个位点，平均PD为（2．92±0．67）mm，平均AL为（2．87±1．31）mm。男性患者的平均AL、SBI明显大于女性，口腔卫生状况较女性差；城市患者的SBI重于农村患者，农村患者的口腔卫生状况较城市患者差。57．1％（104／182）的患者至少有1颗牙脱落（不包括第三磨牙）。年龄、性别、吸烟、城乡差异、糖耐量实验2h血糖与牙周指标具有相关性（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论2007年辽宁省2型糖尿病患者牙周炎患病率高且牙周破坏严重，口腔卫生教育及防病、治病意识亟待加强。

Objective To investigate the type 2 diabetic patient＇s periodontal condition and to analyze the influencing factors of periodontitis. Methods A total of 182 type 2 diabetic patients were included in the survey and requested to fill out a questionnaire, and their periodontal status was evaluated by measuring probing depth （PD） , attachment level （AL） , sulcus bleeding index（ 5BI ） , simplified oral hygiene index（OHI-S）. Results The prevalence of periodontitis in this group of patients was 96.7% （ 176/182）, including 20 patients with mild periodontitis, 156 with moderate to advanced periodontitis. The mean PD and ALofthe 182 patients were （2. 92±0.67） mm and （2. 87±1.31） ram. At least one tooth was lost in 57.1% （104/182） of the patients. The factors related to periodontitis were age, gender, smoking, living in town or country, and 2 h plasma glucose of oral glucose tolerance test（OGTF）. There was no relationship between the severity of periodontitis and education level. The majority of patients did not receive any periodontal therapy. Conclusions Periodontal status was bad in patients with type 2 diabetes. It is important to develop an education program on oral health for type 2 diabetic patients.