浙江省高温热害发生规律及其对早稻产量的影响

High Temperature Induced Heat Damage and its Impacts on Early Rice Yields in Zhejiang Province

在前人研究基础上,提出浙江省早稻高温热害的气象指标是日平均气温≥30℃和日最高气温≥35℃连续出现3d及以上。根据该指标和全省68个气象站高温数据,分析了浙江省早稻高温热害发生规律及其对产量的影响。结果表明:除东部沿海和浙南部分山区外,其余大部地区高温热害均有发生,高温中心出现在金华地区;1988年之后高温热害呈现加重趋势;高温热害持续天数与空壳率、秕谷率之间呈显著的正相关关系,与结实率、千粒重以及早稻产量之间呈显著的负相关关系,并建立了模拟方程。此结果可为水稻高温热害监测预警和影响评估提供参考。

The daily average temperature higher than 30℃ , daily maximum temperature higher than 35℃ and lasted over three days were taken as the meteorological indexes of the high temperature induced heat damage for early rice in Zhejiang Province. Based on these indexes and maximum temperature data observed in 68 observation stations in Zhejiang Province, the high temperature induced heat damage and its impacts on early rice yields were analyzed. The resuits showed that the high temperature induced heat damage for early rice occurred in the most regions of Zhejiang Province, except the eastern coastland and the southern mountainous areas, while Jinhua was one of the most serious damage regions. The high temperature induced heat damage had an increased trend since 1988. The duration of the high temperature induced heat damage was positively related to the percentage of empty grain and unfilled grain, while it was negatively related to the seed setting ratio, the thousand grain weights and yield. The simulation equations were established to describe the above mentioned correlations and provided references for monitoring, early warning and evaluation of the high temperature induced heat damage on rice yields.