鼻腔鼻窦炎动物模型嗅觉神经元凋亡的超微结构观察

Ultrastructural observations on apoptosis of the olfactory neuron receptors in animal models suffering from rhinosinusitis

目的:观察鼻腔鼻窦炎动物模型嗅觉神经元的结构变化,探讨鼻腔鼻窦炎对嗅觉影响的机制。方法:在小鼠鼻腔鼻窦炎模型的基础上,剥取嗅裂部粘膜,用透射电镜观察细菌接种后第2、5、8、11、14、21和28天嗅粘膜超微结构变化。结果:凋亡的细胞主要为嗅觉细胞,支持细胞很少有凋亡现象。结论:肺炎链球菌性鼻腔鼻窦炎时,嗅粘膜上皮内的嗅觉神经元出现与炎症反应程度相一致的凋亡现象,提示这可能是鼻腔鼻窦炎嗅觉减退或丧失的主要病理基础之一。

Objective： To observe ultrastructural changes of the olfactory neuron receptors （ONRs） in rhinosinusitis model of the mice, and to explore possible mechanisms of dysosmia in rhinosinusitis. Methods： After the rhinosinusitis animal models established, mucosa in olfactory clef was striped under the dissecting microscope. Ultrastructures were observed with the transmission electron microscope on day 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 21 and day 28 after bacterination. Results： The apoptotic cells were mainly ONRs. While the supporting cells are rarely of the apoptotic phenomenon. Conclusions： In rhinosinusitis models, the apoptosis of the ONRs was coincident to the level of the inflammatory reaction. In addition to mechanical obstruction theory, the apoptosis of the ONRs may be the mainly pathological basis of the hyposmia and anosmia in patients suffering from the rhinosinusitis.