基于目标定位的低功耗无线传感器网络节点设计

Design of Lower Power Wireless Sensor Network Node based on Target Localization

介绍了一种具有目标定位功能的新型无线传感器网络节点,通过该节点可以确定目标节点(以下简称为目标)的方位和距离,对目标方位的确定基于四元十字阵列的时延估计法,对目标距离的确定采用TDOA的射频+音频信号的测距机理;硬件电路以Micro-chip公司的dsPIC微处理器芯片和Altera公司的MAXⅡ系列CPLD为核心,包括4路音频信号采集调理单元、一个外部SRAM存储器、一个2.4G频段的无线收发单元和一个电源管理单元,实验数据表明,该节点测距误差小于2.5%,角度误差小于±3°。

Introduce a new kind of wireless sensor network node with target localization function. The orientation and distance information of the object can be obtained by this node. The four--element cross array time--delay estimation method is adopted to measure the orientation angle of the object and TDOA is used for distance. The node consists of a dsPIC microcontroller from Microchip Inc. , a MAXⅡ series CPLD, four channels audio/requency signal acquisition model, a SRAM memory, a 2.4GHz RF （Radio Frequency） transceiver module, and a power manager module. Test results show that the angle measurement errer less than ±3° and error of distance less than2. 5%.