多沙河流水流输沙能力的研究

Investigation on sediment transport capacity with high concentration for fluvial river

河道中出现的高含沙量水流绝大部分属于非均质两相水流，和低含沙水流一样，同样存在水流挟沙力问题．但由于高含沙水流性质的改变，其挟沙能力关系式与低含沙水流存在着较大的差别．本文分析了国内应用最为广泛的水流挟沙力关系式所存在的一些问题，提出了以水流紊动支持泥沙悬移为基础的水流挟沙力公式，并通过水槽输沙试验得到了含沙量较高（Ｓ＞４０ｋｇ／ｍ３）时的一种新型挟沙力公式．该公式通过黄河下游、洛惠渠等实测资料的验证，结果令人满意，可应用于计算不同河槽形态的河道输沙能力，水流阻力．

In this paper, the typical formulas for sediment transport capacity which have been widely used are reviewed. Based on flume tests and theoretical anaysis, by establishing the relation between the complex index Y c and S v(4R/d 90 ) , a new formula for sediment transport capacity, suitable for sediment laden flow with concentration of more than 40 kg/m 3, is suggested. This formula has been satisfactorily verified by the measured data from lower reach of the Yellow River, Luohui Channel and other flume tests.