溪源湿地秋季不同植被类型土壤动物群落特征初步研究

Community structure of soil fauna in different cover type of river source wetland in autumn

2008年秋季在浙江景宁望东洋溪源湿地对5种代表性样地的土壤动物进行了调查.结果显示:望东洋溪源湿地的土壤动物隶属4门7纲17目,其中优势类群为弹尾目、双翅目、膜翅目,常见类群为蜱螨目、线虫目、鞘翅目、同翅目、等翅目和半翅目,其他均为稀有类群;土壤动物群落复杂性指数(C)为针阔混交林>阔叶林>稀疏小乔木林>五节芒草丛>白茅草丛,Shannon-W e iner指数(H′)和P ielou均匀性指数(J)呈显著负相关;望东洋溪源湿地土壤动物的表聚性现象明显.根据5种植被类型下土壤动物的聚类和二维非度量标度排序(MDS)的结果,可将土壤动物分为3种类型,即湿润江南桤木林型、干燥乔木林型和杂草型,反映了土壤动物群落对湿地不同植被类型的响应;并依此推断含水量和植被的盖度,尤其是灌木盖度可能是影响土壤动物群落特征的主要因素.

Soil animal community structure was investigated in five typical plots,low-density arbor（L）,weeds（W）,herbage（H）,Alnus trabeculosa forest（A）,coniferous and broadleaf forest（CB） in Wang DY River Source Wetland in autumn.Species composition,the number of individuals,the dominance,evenness,diversity and vertical distribution of soil animal communities were analyzed.It was found that the soil fauna individuals belonged to 17 orders,7 classes and 4 phylums in total samplings.The dominant orders were Collembola,Diplura and Hymenoptera,the frequent orders were Acarina,Gordiodea,Coleoptera,Homoptera,Hemiptera and Isoptera,the remnant orders were rare orders.The complexity index of community（C） CBALHW.The vertical distribution of soil fauna had obvious surface assembly.Used the Hierarchical Cluster and the Non-matric Multi-dimentional Scaling（MDS） method,the soil fauna was classified to 3 groups： dry arbor group,weeds group,moisture broad-leaf group,which showed the response of soil fauna communities to the different cover types.