清代词韵学建构的开山之作——论沈谦《词韵》的词史意义

The First Literature on the Construction of Ci Rhythm Theory in Qing Dynasty:The Significance of Shen Qian's Ci Yun in Ci History

叶韵是词的重要特性之一,但唐宋至明,词韵向无专书。沈谦《词韵》是清代词学建构中关于词韵建构的开山之作,标志着词韵问题正式进入清人的研究视野,具有重要的词史地位和理论意义。在作词层面,《词韵》总结宋词的叶韵规律,为清人提供了可依之矩;在词论层面,《词韵》对词韵的探讨,进一步廓清了元明以来词曲不分的局面,推尊了词体;在词韵学层面,《词韵》引发了清人探讨词韵的热情,推动清代词韵学走向繁盛和成熟。

Rhythm is one of the most important characteristics of Ci. But from Tang Dynasty to Ming Dynasty, there were no special literatures about Ci rhythm. Shen Qian＇ s Ci Yun was the first literature on constructing Ci rhythm theory in Qing Dynasty. It signed that Ci rhythm began to be researched in Qing Dynasty. So it has the important status in Ci history and special significance in Ci theory. As for composing Ci, it summarized the law of Song Ci rhythm and offered the precise rule to poets. As for Ci theory, it further eliminated the confusion of Ci and Qu, advancing the status of Ci. As for Ci rhythm theory, it not only aroused the enthusiasm to discuss Ci rhythm in Qing Dynasty, but also propelled the Ci rhythm theory to flourish and ripen.