试论艾略特的文艺思想在《空心人》中的实践

Eliot's Literature and Art Theories Embodied in The Hollow Men

艾略特的诗歌创作理论丰富而富有系统性。他的"历史意识"要求诗人要在作品中体现过去性和现存性、永久的和暂时的共存,诗人关照的不是它们外在的"统一性",而是内在的联系性,在主题思想的统领下,使若干征引材料形成一个有机整体。"非个性化"理论认为诗人的感情要进入作品,必须要转化为非人格的东西,转化为普遍性的艺术性情绪,使诗歌表现具有普遍意义的感情并反映时代面貌。"客观对应物"理论认为诗人的情感不能直接表现,需要借助"一件东西"(象征物)来揭示,间接传达诗人的情感和意念。艾略特的这些文艺思想在《空心人》中都有鲜明的体现。

T · S · Elliot＇s poetry creation theory is rich and systemic. His ＂historical consciousness＂ requires the poet to reflect in his works the co - existence of the past and the existing, the permanent and temporary. What the poet focused is the poetries are not outside but intrinsically linked in nature with the theme of the work, so that a number of materials should be formed in an organic unity. His ＂non - individualized＂ theory requires poet＇ s feelings to enter the works and be translated into a non - personality thing and an universal artistic mood, so that the poetry can reflect the universal feelings and a time＇ s true life. The ＂objective correlative＂ theory consides the poet should draw symbols to reveal indirectly the poet＇ s feelings instead of showing directly the poet＇ s feelings and ideas. Eliot＇ s literature and art theories are all clearly embodied in his novel The Hollow Men.