论民族文化交融与元散曲叹世归隐类作品产生的社会文化背景

Mingling of Ethnic Cultures and the Social Background of the Opus about Retreating Life in Sanqu(a Type of Verse) in Yuan Dynasty

叹世归隐类作品在元散曲中占有重要的地位,对认识和研究元散曲创作以至研究元代文学具有重要的意义。目前学界有的研究认为,民族歧视,人分四等,不开科举考试,知识分子没有出路等是元散曲中叹世归隐类作品产生的主要社会文化背景。这一辨析不够全面和客观。应避免方法单一,畸轻畸重的研究方式,从历史的、文化的角度入手,结合当时民族文化交流、融合、碰撞的实际,给予这类作品尽可能客观公正的评价。

Opuses criticizing the life in reality and about retreating life in Yuan Sanqu took a significant position and had an important meaning to understand and study Yuan Sanqu and the literature of the Yuan Dynasty In the school of study today, scholars took ethnic prejudice, dividing people into four ranks, not holding civil servant entrance examination, intellectuals had no future as the main social cultural background of the opus about retreating life. This kind of thinking is not objective enough. While doing research, mono-method and way of stressing this neglecting that should be avoided. This kind of opus should be reviewed as objectively as possible from historical and cultural aspects combining with the reality of ethnic exchange, ethnic mingling and ethnic impact.