西方国家应对金融危机的国有化措施分析

Analysis on Western Countries' Nationalization Measures in Coping with Financial Crisis

西方国家国有化和非国有化经历过几次交替,国有化之所以能够成为西方国家解决金融危机、经济危机的重要手段之一,是因为国有企业是一种特殊企业,具有不同于私有企业的特殊性质,在抵御危机方面有优势。作为在金融危机的非常时期采取的非常手段,这次国有化不会改变西方国家私有制的统治地位,但对于降低金融机构破产风险,恢复金融机构功能,避免对实体经济的更大冲击,具有重要的甚至决定性作用。同时,这次国有化对于我们进一步了解西方国家的政治经济体制,认识国有经济在市场经济中的特殊功能,坚持和完善社会主义基本经济制度,更好地发挥国有经济和国有企业的作用,具有重要的启示。

Western countries have seen nationalization and denationalization by turns. The reason why nationalization could be an important method of resolving the financial and economic crisis is that the distinctive characteristic of state-owned enterprise determines their advantage in resisting the crisis. As a desperate measure in the desperate time of financial crisis, nationalization would not change the dominant position of private ownership in Western countries; however, it plays an important, even decisive role in reducing bankruptcy risks and resuming functions of financial institutions, as well as preventing heavier shock to real economy. At the same time, it is of great significance for us to further understand the political and economic structure of Western countries, recognize the special status and functions of state-owned enterprise in market economy; adhere to and improve the socialist system and better exert the role of state sector and state-owned enterprise.