典型草原不同放牧方式植物群落多样性研究

Study on Communities Diversity of Different Grazing in Typical Steppe

为研究不同放牧方式群落结构、群落多样性、群落相似性系数,探讨不同放牧方式典型草原群落植物多样性的变化特点,给典型草原区的生态恢复建设和持续利用提供参考和理论依据。通过内蒙古东乌珠穆沁旗典型草原三种不同放牧方式的比较试验,结果表明,植物群落结构对比能看出,四季轮牧建群种克氏针茅重要值最大,定居放牧区一年生植物所占的比例明显增加。两年度内除均匀度指数外其他三个多样性指数都有所增加,两年度内均匀度指数存在下降的趋势,并且四季与两季轮牧植物优势度均低于定居。Shannon-wiener指数与Margalef指数、Simpson指数间呈正相关,相关系数分别达到0.891,0.899。这三个多样性指数与Pielou指数呈负相关。不同放牧方式群落相似性系数结果看出,两年内相似性系数均有所增加,但两季轮牧与定居间相似性系数为最大,四季轮牧与定居间相似性系数为最小。

The experiments of comparing four season rotational grazing,two season rotational grazing and continuous grazing were conducted on typical steppe in East Wuzhumuqin count of Inner Mongolia.Study the communities structure and diversity of different grazing in typical steppe.We mainly discuss characteristics of plant diversity under different grazing.It provide reference and theoretical basis for ecological restoration and sustainable use.The results showed as follow：the Stipa krylovii important value of four season rotational grazing was the largest, settled grazing annuals was increased . In the two-year except for the evenness index other indexes had increased, plants simpson of four and two season rotational grazing was lower than the settlement. Shannon-wiener and Margalef correlation coefficient was 0. 891, Shannon- wiener and Simpson index correlation coefficient was 0. 899. Three diversity index and Pielou index were a negative corre- lation. The Morisita-Horn similarity coefficient in the two year were increased, The Morisita-Horn similarity coefficient in TG and SG were the highest. The Morisita-Horn similarity coefficient in FG and SG were the lowest.