碳纳米管/聚合物基复合材料的研究进展

Research Progress of Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Composite Materials

简要介绍了碳纳米管的结构及其分散性,说明碳纳米管具有一维结构及中空的内部结构,极高的化学稳定性,易于团聚。影响碳纳米管分散体系稳定性的关键是空间效应,所以末端亲水基团的结构和性能将明显影响碳纳米管的分散。碳纳米管在基体中的良好分散使复合材料力学性能大幅度提高,并且由于其优良的光电性能,加入碳纳米管也可显著提高复合材料的光电性能和导电性能。此外,碳纳米管石墨层的本质及独特的结构和尺寸,使碳纳米管在提高复合材料的热性能方面也有很大贡献。

The structure and the dispersion of carbon nanotubes are described, it is found that carbon nanotubes has one-dimensional structure and hollow internal structure, with a high chemical stability, easy to reunite. The key factors which affect the dispersion stability of the system is sterie effect, so the dispersion of carbon nanotubes will be greatly affected by the structure and properties of the terminal hydrophilic group. The mechanical properties of composite materials are greatly improved by adding carbon nanotubes with good dispersion. And the optical properties and electrical conductivity properties of composite materials are also significantly improved because of carbon nanotubes＇ excellent optical properties. In addition, the graphite layer and the unique nature in the structure and size of carbon nanotubes, making it has a significant contribution to enhannce the thermal properties of composite materials.