老秃顶子自然保护区森林植被类型的植物多样性

Plant diersity of primary forest vegetation type at Laotudingzi natural reserve

为了得到老秃顶子自然保护区植物多样性的分布特征,采用标准地调查和室内统计分析的方法,对区内6种主要森林植被类型下的植物种类多样性规律进行了研究。结果表明,调查范围内共有维管束植物物种14～33种。其中乔木层的物种丰富度(S)为1～7,Shannon-Wiener指数为0～1.809 5,Simpson指数为0～0.879 1,Pielou均匀度指数为0.558 0～0.929 9。灌木层的物种丰富度为3～12,Shannon-Wiener指数0.950 3～1.951 7,Simpson指数0.648 8～0.824 1,Pielou均匀度指数0.6175～0.865。草本层的物种丰富度5～24,Shannon-Wiener指数0.754 1～2.163 2,Simpson指数0.495 8～0.850 6,Pielou均匀度指数0.468 6～0.721 8。草本物种在群落的物种组成中占绝对优势,而乔木种类非常贫乏。杂木林的乔木层多样性和均匀度最高,人工落叶松林、人工红松林和蒙古栎林最低。杂木林的灌木层多样性最高,岳桦林的均匀度指数较高。蒙古栎林的优势草种比较明显,各多样性指数在所有样地中均达到了最低水平。物种数目随海拔梯度表现为先降低后升高再降低的规律,呈明显的双峰格局。

In order to investigate the distribution of plant diversity in Laotudingzi natural reserve,this study adopts the method of standard statistical analysis and on-site investigation.There are six types of vegetation regions under different plant species diversity.The results show that there are 14～33 species of vascular plants.Among them,within tree layer,the species richness（S） is 1～7;Shannon-Wiener index is 0～1.8095;Simpson index is 0～0.8791 and Pielou evenness index is 0.5580～0.9299.Within shrub layer,the species richness is 3～12;Shannon-Wiener index is 0.9503～1.9517;Simpson index is 0.6488～0.8241 and Pielou evenness index is 0.6175～0.8650.Within herb layer,the species richness is 5～24;Shannon-Wiener index is 0.7541～2.1632;Simpson index is 0.4958～0.8506 and Pielou evenness index is 0.4686～0.7218.In the species composition,herbaceous species show more dominant and tree species less dominant.Forests of the tree layer show the highest diversity and evenness,while artificial larch forests,artificial Korean pine and Mongolian oak forests show much less diverse and less even.The number of species varies as the sequence of decrease,increase and then decrease with elevation gradient.