我国城镇居民收入与消费:理论、现状与对策

The Income and Consumption of Urban Residents in China:Theory,Current Situation and Measures

消费是经济增长的根本动力。收入与消费密切相关,消费调控政策是宏观调控政策的重要组成部分。我国城市居民收入和消费发展的制约因素包括内外需求不均衡发展,收入差距不断扩大,房价上涨过快、社会保障不完善抑制居民消费行为。促进我国城市居民收入和消费发展,应当加大货币政策在消费调控中的作用,发展和完善信贷消费,完善促进消费增长的税收政策,努力增加居民收入,强化收入分配调节,加快建立覆盖城乡居民的最低生活保障制度,着力抑制房地产价格过快上涨。

Consumption is the underlying impetus of economic growth. Income is closely related to con- sumption. Regulation and control policy of consumption is an important aspect of the macroeconomic policy. The factors of development of urban residents＇ income and consumption include the imbalanced development of foreign and domestic demand, continuous enlarged gap of income, fast increasing prices of real estate, and consumption of residents controlled by incomplete social security. To promote the development of income and consumption of urban residents in China, the government should take the following measures ： to strengthen the role of monetary policy in regulation and control of consumption; to develop and improve consumption on cred-it; to improve tax policies so as to promote consumption; to make efforts to increase residents＇ income; to enhance regulation of income distribution; to speed up establishment of Subsistence Security System covering urban and rural residents; and to focus on controlling the fast increasing prices of real estate.