摘要
由于地铁站台层空间狭小,故其建筑结构形式如楼梯的位置设置及开口朝向方式对火灾烟气的流动会产生较大的影响。采用CFD方法,对采用不同楼梯结构的站台层内车厢中央位置着火时的烟气扩散进行数值模拟,比较楼梯结构对防排烟模式的影响。结果表明:挡烟垂壁和楼梯口向下气流使得火灾时防烟分区效果较为明显,对烟气在整个站台层内的扩散起到了很好的阻碍作用;采用轨顶垂直排烟时,能及时有效的排出大量烟气,而采用两端水平排烟时,由于扩散至此防烟分区的烟气浓度较低,且排出烟气中混有大量空气,大大降低了排烟效率;楼梯呈"■■■■"分布,且采用轨顶垂直排烟模式对站台层内火灾烟气的扩散起到了很好的控制效果,对人员安全疏散较为有利。
The platform layer of the subway station is a confined space, so the different structures, such as the location and structure of stairs, have a vital influence in the subway station fires. In this paper, the fire was located on the carriages of the train on platform layer to simulate the smoke diffusion by CFD, the effects of different structure on different smoke control models bad been compared. And the results indicated that the hang wall and the down air flow could block the smoke ：in the smoke-preventing subarea near fire source, the vertical smokeexhausting model was more efficient than the transverse model which exhausted the smoke and the air at the same time. Comparing the results, the stairs of vertical smoke-exhausting model as ＂＂ setting was most advantageous.
出处
《建筑科学》
北大核心
2009年第11期27-31,共5页
Building Science
关键词
地铁站
火灾
烟气控制
结构
subway station
fire
smoke control
structure
