不同填料渗滤系统净化生活污水的效果比较

Effect Comparison of Municipal Wastewater in Different Mediums Infiltration System

建立了2套不同填料的地下渗滤系统装置净化生活污水,1号装置由纯土壤装填,2号装置由土壤与砂分层装填,比较了2套装置对污染物的去除效果.2套装置运行了6个月,水力负荷为5 cm.d-1时每天进水4次,10 cm.d-1及20cm.d-1运行时每天进水8次.在水力负荷10 cm.d-1下运行,对化学需氧量(COD)、总磷、NH4+-N、总氮的去除率1号装置分别为80.7%,38.9%,48.7%,43.5%,2号装置分别为88.4%,87.2%,98.2%,24.9%;在水力负荷20cm.d-1下运行,1号装置发生堵塞现象无法运行,而2号装置对COD、总磷、NH4+-N、总氮的去除率分别为87.1%,56.1%,98.0%,28.9%,对COD及NH4+-N仍保持了良好的去除效果,并且保持了良好的水力渗透性能.研究结果表明,渗滤系统内部填料的改善提高了地下渗滤系统的运行水力负荷及其抗堵塞性能.

Two apparatus were established in a pilot laboratory with two different mediums,Apparatus Ⅰ loaded by pure soil, Apparatus Ⅱ loaded by soil and sand in delamination. The removal effects of contamination of two apparatus were compared. During 6 months＇ operation, each apparatus was dosed 4 times daily with municipal wastewater at5cm·d^-1 and8 times at 10 cm·d^-1 and 20 cm·d^-1. In 10 cm·d^-1, the removal efficiency of Chemical Oxygen Demand（COD）, TP, NH4^＋ - N, TN were 80.7%, 38.9%,48.7%, 43. 5% in Apparatus Ⅰ , respectively, and 88.1%, 87.2% ,98.2%, 24.9% in Apparatus Ⅱ, respectively; in 20 cm ·d^-1, the removal efficiency of COD, TP, NH4^＋ - N, TN were 87. 1%, 56. 7%, 98. 0%, 28. 9% in Apparatus Ⅱ, respectively; but a jam occurred in Apparatus Ⅰ. The results show that the hydraulic permeability of soil and sand loaded in delamination apparatus is superior to that of Apparatus I , and the COD, NH4^＋ - N removal efficiency of Apparatus Ⅱ is perfect. The hydraulic permeability and anti-blockage capability of subsurface wastewater infiltration system improve when mediums are optimized.